What Causes Dark Spots and Hyperpigmentation
Hyperpigmentation occurs when skin produces excess melanin. Common triggers include sun exposure, hormonal changes, acne, and skin injury. Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation often follows blemishes or irritation, leaving flat marks that darken over time.
Key Ingredients in Dark Spot Serums
Effective serums often contain vitamin C, niacinamide, azelaic acid, kojic acid, or retinoids. These ingredients help inhibit melanin production, speed cell turnover, and fade discoloration. A dermatologist-reviewed overview of common active ingredients is available at https://www.aad.org/public/everyday-care/skin-care-secrets/anti-aging/serums
How to Choose and Use a Dark Spot Serum
Pick a serum suited to your skin type and concerns. Apply it to clean skin before moisturizer, and use sunscreen daily, as UV exposure can worsen dark spots. Consistent use over several weeks is typically needed to see visible fading.
